Simply the seen or touchable parts of a computer are known as hardware. The primary components are the input/output devices, memory units and processing elements. These processing and memory come inside the CPU (central processing unit).
Input unit:
Data and information are entered into a computer through input device. An input device converts the user input into a machine code that is understandable by a computer. Most commonly used input device is keyboard. Some other input devices are:
1. Punch card reader.
2. Paper tapes reader.
3. Magnetic tape reader.
4. Magnetic disk reader.
5. keyboard
6. mouse
7. Joy stick etc.
Central processing unit (CPU):
Central processing units (CPU) consist of the control and arithmetic units, memory and storage units. The CPU is, thus, the nerve centre of the computer system where actual computing process takes place. The CPU may be obtained in a number of configurations differing in speed and size of memory it works with. The control unit of CPU supervises all other units of the computer. It fetches the proper computer instructions from the memory unit and routes data, referenced by the instructions from the memory unit to the arithmetic unit and back to the memory unit. The arithmetic unit is where the arithmetic and logical operations are perfumed. The memory unit of the CPU stores data and program during processing. The size of the computer is generally depends on the number of storage locations in its memory. Storage locations are always multiple of the number 1024. it is also known as the brain of the computer as it performs over all functioning of the computer as the human brain does.
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Output unit:
The output devices receive results and other processed information from the computer and provide them to users. The computer sends information to an output device in the binary form. An output device converts it into a suitable from convenient to users. VDU, printers etc. are example of output devices. Some commonly used output units are:
1. punches card
2. paper tape punches
3. printers
4. plotters
5. cathode Ray Tube displays
6. magnetic disk units
7. magnetic drum units
8. magnetic tape units
9. CD disk
10. speakers
11. Monitor
Input unit:
Data and information are entered into a computer through input device. An input device converts the user input into a machine code that is understandable by a computer. Most commonly used input device is keyboard. Some other input devices are:
1. Punch card reader.
2. Paper tapes reader.
3. Magnetic tape reader.
4. Magnetic disk reader.
5. keyboard
6. mouse
7. Joy stick etc.
Central processing unit (CPU):
Central processing units (CPU) consist of the control and arithmetic units, memory and storage units. The CPU is, thus, the nerve centre of the computer system where actual computing process takes place. The CPU may be obtained in a number of configurations differing in speed and size of memory it works with. The control unit of CPU supervises all other units of the computer. It fetches the proper computer instructions from the memory unit and routes data, referenced by the instructions from the memory unit to the arithmetic unit and back to the memory unit. The arithmetic unit is where the arithmetic and logical operations are perfumed. The memory unit of the CPU stores data and program during processing. The size of the computer is generally depends on the number of storage locations in its memory. Storage locations are always multiple of the number 1024. it is also known as the brain of the computer as it performs over all functioning of the computer as the human brain does.
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Output unit:
The output devices receive results and other processed information from the computer and provide them to users. The computer sends information to an output device in the binary form. An output device converts it into a suitable from convenient to users. VDU, printers etc. are example of output devices. Some commonly used output units are:
1. punches card
2. paper tape punches
3. printers
4. plotters
5. cathode Ray Tube displays
6. magnetic disk units
7. magnetic drum units
8. magnetic tape units
9. CD disk
10. speakers
11. Monitor
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